📘 Materi TBI : Derivative
Derivative adalah kata yang dibentuk dari kata dasar (root/base word) dengan menambahkan awalan (prefix) atau akhiran (suffix) untuk membentuk makna atau kelas kata baru.
Tujuan Derivative :
1. Adjective Forming (Pembentukan Kata Sifat)
Pengertian: Adjective (kata sifat) dapat dibentuk dari noun atau verb dengan menambahkan akhiran seperti -ful, -less, -ous, -ive, -al, -ic, -able, -en, -y, -ish.
Pola Umum:
- Noun + suffix → Adjective (e.g., danger → dangerous)
- Verb + suffix → Adjective (e.g., read → readable)
| Kata Dasar | Akhiran | Adjective | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|---|
| beauty | -ful | beautiful | She has a beautiful voice. |
| care | -less | careless | He is careless with his work. |
| danger | -ous | dangerous | That is a dangerous animal. |
| create | -ive | creative | She's a creative designer. |
| child | -ish | childish | Don’t be so childish! |
| hope | -ful | hopeful | They are hopeful for success. |
| read | -able | readable | The book is easily readable. |
| act | -ive | active | She is very active in class. |
| logic | -al | logical | That's a logical explanation. |
| use | -less | useless | This tool is useless now. |
| rain | -y | rainy | It’s a rainy day. |
| fame | -ous | famous | He is a famous actor. |
| gold | -en | golden | The sky turned golden at sunset. |
| friend | -ly | friendly | They are very friendly people. |
| depend | -ent | dependent | He's still dependent on his parents. |
2. Noun Forming (Pembentukan Kata Benda)
Pengertian: Kata benda (noun) dapat dibentuk dari verb atau adjective dengan menambahkan akhiran seperti: -tion, -ment, -ness, -ity, -ship, -er, -or, -al, -ance, -ence.
Pola Umum:
- Verb + suffix → Noun (e.g., improve → improvement)
- Adjective + suffix → Noun (e.g., happy → happiness)
| Kata Dasar | Akhiran | Noun | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|---|
| move | -ment | movement | The movement grew quickly. |
| happy | -ness | happiness | Money can’t buy happiness. |
| create | -ion | creation | This is a beautiful creation. |
| decide | -sion | decision | It's a hard decision to make. |
| act | -or | actor | He is an award-winning actor. |
| teach | -er | teacher | The teacher explains clearly. |
| arrive | -al | arrival | We awaited his arrival. |
| strong | -th | strength | Her strength amazed everyone. |
| appear | -ance | appearance | His appearance changed a lot. |
| prefer | -ence | preference | I have no preference. |
| possible | -ity | possibility | The possibility is high. |
| friend | -ship | friendship | Their friendship is strong. |
| fail | -ure | failure | Failure is part of success. |
| lead | -er | leader | She is a born leader. |
| train | -ing | training | We have training tomorrow. |
3. Adverb Forming (Pembentukan Kata Keterangan)
Pengertian: Adverb (kata keterangan) biasanya dibentuk dari adjective dengan menambahkan akhiran -ly.
Pola Umum: Adjective + -ly → Adverb
Catatan: Beberapa adverb bersifat tidak beraturan, seperti: fast, hard, well.
- Quick → quickly: He ran quickly to catch the bus.
- Happy → happily: They lived happily ever after.
- Careful → carefully: She carefully opened the box.
- Slow → slowly: Please speak slowly.
- Easy → easily: She passed the test easily.
- Beautiful → beautifully: The room was beautifully decorated.
- Quiet → quietly: He walked quietly into the room.
4. Verb Forming (Pembentukan Kata Kerja)
Pengertian: Verb (kata kerja) bisa dibentuk dari noun atau adjective dengan menambahkan awalan atau akhiran seperti: -ize, -ate, -en, -ify.
Pola Umum:
- Noun/Adjective + -ize → realize, organize
- Noun + -ate → activate, motivate
- Adjective + -en → strengthen, widen
- Adjective + -ify → beautify, clarify
- Modern → modernize: They want to modernize the system.
- Wide → widen: We need to widen the road.
- Active → activate: Activate your account now.
- Beauty → beautify: Let's beautify the garden.
- Clear → clarify: Please clarify your question.
📝 Latihan Soal :
Materi Bahasa Inggris (TBI) yang bisa kamu pelajari: