📘 Materi TBI : Preposition, Adverb and Noun
1. Preposition (Kata Depan)
Pengertian: Preposition adalah kata depan yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara kata benda atau kata ganti dengan kata lain dalam kalimat, seperti menunjukkan tempat, waktu, arah, penyebab, dan hubungan lainnya.
Tujuan: Preposition digunakan untuk memberikan informasi tambahan mengenai posisi, waktu, cara, dan hubungan antar kata dalam sebuah kalimat.
Jenis-jenis Preposition:
- Preposition of Place: in, on, at, under, behind, over, between, etc.
- Preposition of Time: in, on, at, since, for, ago, by, during, etc.
- Preposition of Direction/Movement: to, into, onto, out of, from, towards, etc.
- Preposition of Cause, Reason, Purpose: because of, due to, for, etc.
- Preposition of Manner, Instrument: by, with, like, etc.
Contoh Kalimat:
- The book is on the table. (place)
- I was born in July. (time)
- She walked into the room. (direction)
- He couldn’t come because of the rain. (cause)
- She wrote the letter with a pen. (instrument)
2. Adverb Clause (Klausa Keterangan)
Pengertian: Adverb clause adalah anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai keterangan, memberikan informasi tambahan tentang waktu, sebab, tujuan, syarat, dll. Adverb clause biasanya diawali oleh subordinating conjunction seperti: when, because, if, although, since, dll.
Tujuan: Digunakan untuk menjelaskan kapan, mengapa, bagaimana, dan dengan syarat apa suatu kejadian terjadi.
Rumus Umum:
Subordinating Conjunction + Subject + Verb, Main Clause
atauMain Clause + Subordinating Conjunction + Subject + Verb
Contoh Penggunaan Berdasarkan Jenis:
| Jenis | Contoh Conjunction | Contoh Kalimat |
|---|---|---|
| Time | when, while, before, after, since | She was cooking when I arrived. |
| Cause and Effect | because, since, as | I stayed home because it was raining. |
| Condition | if, unless, provided that | We will go if it doesn't rain. |
| Contrast | although, even though, whereas | Although he is rich, he is not happy. |
| Purpose | so that, in order that | He studies hard so that he can pass the exam. |
3. Noun (Kata Benda)
Pengertian: Noun adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menamai orang, tempat, benda, hewan, ide, atau perasaan.
Tujuan: Digunakan sebagai subjek, objek, pelengkap, atau keterangan dalam kalimat.
Jenis-jenis Noun:
- Proper Noun: Nama spesifik seperti Indonesia, John, Google
- Common Noun: Nama umum seperti city, man, company
- Concrete Noun: Dapat dilihat atau disentuh seperti table, dog, flower
- Abstract Noun: Tidak berwujud seperti love, happiness, freedom
- Countable Noun: Bisa dihitung seperti books, apples
- Uncountable Noun: Tidak bisa dihitung seperti water, sugar, information
Tabel Jenis Noun:
| Jenis | Contoh |
|---|---|
| Proper Noun | Indonesia, Microsoft, Sarah |
| Common Noun | car, teacher, dog |
| Concrete Noun | pen, chair, cat |
| Abstract Noun | honesty, courage, love |
| Countable Noun | apple, student, house |
| Uncountable Noun | rice, air, knowledge |
- Sarah is my best friend. (proper noun)
- The dog is barking loudly. (common/concrete noun)
- Honesty is important in life. (abstract noun)
- I bought three apples. (countable noun)
- We need more water. (uncountable noun)
📝 Latihan Soal :
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